Congenital glaucoma surgery is performed to treat glaucoma present at birth or early childhood. This condition causes increased eye pressure, which can damage the optic nerve and impair vision if left untreated. Diagnosis involves a thorough pediatric eye examination, including pressure measurements and evaluation of eye structures. Early diagnosis is critical, as prompt surgical intervention offers the best chance of preserving vision. Surgical techniques are selected based on the child’s anatomy and disease severity and are designed to improve fluid drainage or reduce fluid production in the eye. Procedures are performed under general anesthesia by specialized pediatric ophthalmologists. With timely surgery and ongoing monitoring, many children with congenital glaucoma can achieve good pressure control and maintain functional vision.