A corneal transplant, also known as penetrating keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or diseased cornea with healthy donor tissue. It is commonly performed to restore vision when corneal scarring, swelling, or disease significantly impairs sight. Prior to surgery, patients undergo a comprehensive eye evaluation and imaging to assess corneal health and determine whether transplantation is necessary. Donor tissue is carefully screened to ensure safety and compatibility. During the procedure, the damaged cornea is removed and replaced with donor tissue, which is secured with fine sutures. Surgery is performed under anesthesia and requires careful post-operative monitoring. Corneal transplantation can significantly improve vision and eye comfort. Recovery occurs gradually over several months, with ongoing follow-up to monitor healing and visual outcomes.