Dental sealants are thin, protective coatings that are applied to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth, specifically the molars and premolars, where deep grooves and pits make cavities more likely. These grooves are difficult to clean thoroughly with a toothbrush, allowing food particles and bacteria to become trapped and increasing the risk of tooth decay. Sealants work by flowing into these fissures and hardening, creating a smooth, protective barrier that shields the enamel from plaque and acids. The procedure to apply dental sealants is simple, painless, and non-invasive. The tooth is first cleaned and dried, then a special liquid sealant material is painted onto the chewing surface. Once applied, the sealant is hardened—often using a curing light—so it bonds securely to the tooth. The result is a sealed surface that is easier to clean and far less vulnerable to cavities. No drilling or anesthesia is required, making it especially suitable for children. Dental sealants are most commonly recommended for children and teenagers as soon as their permanent molars erupt, typically around ages 6 and 12, when the risk of decay is highest. However, adults with deep grooves and no existing decay can also benefit. Sealants can last several years with proper care, and dentists routinely check them during regular exams to ensure they remain intact and effective. When combined with good oral hygiene and fluoride use, sealants provide powerful, long-term protection against cavities.