Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems inside the hip joint when pain, stiffness, or mechanical symptoms such as clicking or catching have not improved with nonsurgical care. The process typically begins after a thorough evaluation confirms that symptoms are coming from within the joint and that treatments like physical therapy, injections, or activity modification have not fully resolved the issue. Hip arthroscopy is often considered for people who want relief from persistent hip pain while avoiding more invasive surgery. Before the procedure, patients receive instructions to help reduce surgical risks and support healing. This may include adjusting certain medications, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and fasting for a period before surgery. Hip arthroscopy is performed under general anesthesia, sometimes with a nerve block for additional pain control. During the procedure, traction is applied to gently separate the joint surfaces, allowing the surgeon to access the hip safely. The surgeon makes a few small incisions, typically about the size of a buttonhole, and inserts an arthroscope, a thin camera that provides a clear view of the inside of the hip joint. Additional small instruments are introduced through separate incisions to address the underlying problem. Hip arthroscopy can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), labral tears, cartilage damage, loose fragments of bone or cartilage, tendon injuries, synovitis, and certain structural abnormalities. Depending on the diagnosis, the surgeon may reshape bone, repair or reattach soft tissue, remove damaged material, or release tight structures contributing to pain or restricted movement. Most procedures take about 90 minutes, though the exact duration depends on the complexity of the condition being treated. Hip arthroscopy is usually performed as an outpatient procedure, allowing patients to go home the same day. After surgery, recovery involves a period of activity modification to protect the hip while it heals. Patients often use crutches for one to two weeks and may be instructed to limit weight-bearing initially. A brace may be worn for several weeks, and swelling is managed with icing, elevation, and anti-inflammatory medications. Keeping the incisions clean and dry is an important part of early recovery. Physical therapy plays a central role in rehabilitation and typically begins soon after surgery. Therapy focuses on restoring range of motion, rebuilding strength, and gradually improving stability and function. While many people can return to desk-based work or school within one to two weeks, full recovery takes longer. Most patients regain function over several months, with return to sports or higher-impact activity often occurring around three months, depending on the condition treated and individual healing progress. Hip arthroscopy offers several advantages over open surgery, including smaller incisions, less postoperative pain, reduced blood loss, and a lower risk of complications. Although complications are uncommon, they can include infection, nerve irritation, blood clots, persistent symptoms, or the need for additional treatment if the underlying problem is not fully resolved.