Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) of the humerus is a surgical procedure used to treat fractures of the upper arm bone when the break cannot heal properly with casting or bracing alone. It is typically recommended for displaced, unstable, or complex fractures where the bone fragments have shifted out of alignment, or when the fracture affects joint surfaces near the shoulder or elbow. Before surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation that includes a physical exam and imaging such as X-rays or CT scans to understand the fracture pattern. The care team also reviews medical history, medications, and overall health to ensure the patient is ready for surgery. In some cases, temporary immobilization or pain control measures are used while surgery is being planned. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. During surgery, the surgeon makes an incision over the fracture site to directly access the broken bone. This step, called “open reduction,” allows the surgeon to realign the bone fragments into their correct anatomical position. Once alignment is restored, “internal fixation” is performed by securing the bone with metal hardware such as plates, screws, rods, or pins. This hardware stabilizes the fracture, holds the bone in place during healing, and allows earlier movement compared to non-surgical treatment. After surgery, patients typically spend a short period in recovery and may go home the same day or stay overnight, depending on the fracture severity and overall health. The arm is usually supported in a sling or brace to protect the repair. Pain and swelling are common initially and are managed with medications, icing, and elevation. Recovery involves a gradual rehabilitation process. Early on, patients are instructed on safe movement and activity restrictions to avoid stressing the healing bone. Physical therapy usually begins once the surgeon determines it is safe, focusing first on restoring gentle range of motion and later on rebuilding strength and function. Weight-bearing and lifting are restricted until X-rays confirm adequate healing. Healing time varies depending on the type of fracture, patient age, and bone health, but most humerus fractures take several months to fully heal. With proper alignment, fixation, and rehabilitation, humerus ORIF is highly effective at restoring arm function, reducing pain, and allowing patients to return to daily activities.