Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat conditions affecting the vitreous gel and retina at the back of the eye. It is commonly performed for retinal disorders such as vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, macular hole, severe eye infections, or complications related to diabetes. Before surgery, patients undergo a comprehensive retinal evaluation, including dilated eye examination and advanced imaging to assess the retina and vitreous. This evaluation allows the retinal specialist to determine the underlying condition and plan the safest and most effective surgical approach. During the procedure, the vitreous gel is carefully removed and replaced with a clear solution to allow direct access to the retina. Additional treatments, such as laser therapy or placement of a gas or silicone oil bubble, may be performed as needed. The surgery is typically done under local or general anesthesia, depending on complexity. Vitrectomy helps stabilize or restore vision by allowing precise treatment of retinal conditions. Recovery varies based on the underlying diagnosis, and close follow-up is essential to monitor healing and visual improvement.